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Autor: R. Krespin*
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Wprowadzenie<\/B>
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Po odbiciu 15 czerwca 2015 r. przez si\u0142y kurdyjskie z wsparciem USA i koalicji syryjskiego miast granicznego Tel Abjad z r\u0105k Pa\u0144stwa Islamskiego, wojownicy ISIS uciekli z tego terenu. Utrata Tel Abjad by\u0142a dla ISIS powa\u017cnym ciosem, poniewa\u017c od pocz\u0105tku kryzysu syryjskiego to miasto by\u0142o g\u0142\u00f3wnym punktem wej\u015bcia do Syrii z Turcji dla dostaw zapas\u00f3w i wojownik\u00f3w, w tym ISIS. By\u0142a to tak\u017ce g\u0142\u00f3wna trasa ISIS dostarczania wsparcia dla swojej de facto stolicy, Al-Rakka w Syrii, 100 kilometr\u00f3w na po\u0142udnie.
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Turcja, chocia\u017c jest cz\u0142onkiem NATO i sojusznikiem Zachodu, od dawna ignorowa\u0142a pro\u015bby Zachodu o \u015bci\u015blejsz\u0105 kontrol\u0119 granicy z Syri\u0105, by zapobiec przekazywaniu dostaw i wojownik\u00f3w do ISIS. Obserwowa\u0142a, jak kurdyjscy wojownicy z Ludowych Jednostek Obrony (kurdyjska nazwa: Yek\u00eeney\u00ean Parastina Gel, <\/I>czyli YPG) – zbrojne rami\u0119 Demokratycznej Partii Jedno\u015bci Kurd\u00f3w syryjskich (PYD) – wraz z Buraq Al-Firat, ma\u0142\u0105 frakcj\u0105 Wolnej Armii Syryjskiej (FSA), skutecznie odparli ISIS, wykonuj\u0105c misj\u0119, kt\u00f3rej podj\u0119cia Zach\u00f3d oczekiwa\u0142 od Turcji. Turcja odm\u00f3wi\u0142a odegrania bardziej aktywnej roli w walce z ISIS obok si\u0142 koalicji i zamiast tego dawa\u0142a priorytet walce z si\u0142ami prezydenta syryjskiego Baszara Al-Assada i niedopuszczaniu, by Kurdowie umocnili si\u0119 wzd\u0142u\u017c granicy.
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Zaalarmowany zaj\u0119ciem przez Kurd\u00f3w Tel Abjad, kt\u00f3re wi\u0105\u017ce dwa kantony autonomiczne, D\u017cazira i Kobani, prezydent turecki Recep Tayyip Erdogan zwo\u0142a\u0142 wiele szczyt\u00f3w bezpiecze\u0144stwa w swoim pa\u0142acu, by zaj\u0105\u0107 si\u0119 \u201czagro\u017ceniem narodowym\u201d, jakie stanowi mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107, \u017ce wzd\u0142u\u017c po\u0142udniowej granicy Turcji powstanie korytarz kurdyjski. W nadanym przez telewizj\u0119 przem\u00f3wieniu podczas obiadu iftar<\/I> Erdogan powiedzia\u0142: \u201eM\u00f3wi\u0119 \u015bwiatu: nigdy nie pozwolimy na utworzenie pa\u0144stwa [kurdyjskiego] w p\u00f3\u0142nocnej Syrii. Chc\u0119, \u017ceby by\u0142o to dobrze znane. Zapobiegniemy temu, niezale\u017cnie od mo\u017cliwych koszt\u00f3w”<\/A> [1]<\/A>. Nale\u017cy wspomnie\u0107, \u017ce kiedy ISIS og\u0142osi\u0142o Pa\u0144stwo Islamskie w czerwcu 2014 r. w pobli\u017cu granicy Turcji z Syri\u0105 i Irakiem, rz\u0105d AKP nie tylko nie uwa\u017ca\u0142 tego za gro\u017ab\u0119, ale zachowa\u0142 polityk\u0119 otwartych drzwi ze swoim nowym, d\u017cihadystycznym s\u0105siadem, pozwalaj\u0105c wojownikom, transportom broni i amunicji na wjazd i wyjazd z Syrii. Poparcie Turcji dla organizacji terrorystycznych ujawni\u0142y tureckie gazety g\u0142\u00f3wnego nurtu b\u0119d\u0105ce w opozycji do AKP, kt\u00f3re udokumentowa\u0142y wwo\u017cenie do Syrii ci\u0119\u017ckiej broni i amunicji na du\u017cych ci\u0119\u017car\u00f3wkach konwojowanych przez personel Tureckiej Narodowej Organizacji Wywiadu (MIT). Mimo \u017ce rz\u0105d AKP zarz\u0105dzi\u0142 blokad\u0119 informacji o wszystkim co sta\u0142o si\u0119 znane jako \u201eafera ci\u0119\u017car\u00f3wek MIT\u201d, 29 maja 2015 r. „Cumhuriyet\u201d opublikowa\u0142a wideo z przeszukania dw\u00f3ch ci\u0119\u017car\u00f3wek w styczniu 2014 r., pokazuj\u0105ce ich \u0142adunek. W nast\u0119pstwie tego prezydent Erdogan poda\u0142 do s\u0105du redaktora naczelnego \u201cCumhuriyet\u201d, Cana Dundara, kt\u00f3ry jest teraz oskar\u017cony o zdrad\u0119 i grozi mu dwukrotne do\u017cywocie. Tak\u017ce krytykuj\u0105ca AKP gazeta \u201eBirgun\u201d donios\u0142a 22 wrze\u015bnia 2014 r., \u017ce Turcja zbudowa\u0142a specjalne szpitale w miastach na po\u0142udniowej granicy, gdzie przywozi si\u0119 rannych d\u017cihadyst\u00f3w z Syrii. Te i inne doniesienia medi\u00f3w tureckich b\u0119d\u0105 tematem nast\u0119pnego raportu z MEMRI Turkish Media Project. Po szczycie Tureckiej Narodowej Rady Bezpiecze\u0144stwa 29 czerwca 2015 r., kt\u00f3remu przewodniczy\u0142 Erdogan, og\u0142oszono oficjalnie, \u017ce Tureckie Si\u0142y Zbrojne (TSK) otrzyma\u0142y rozkaz podj\u0119cia wszystkich mo\u017cliwych krok\u00f3w, by zabezpieczy\u0107 po\u0142udniow\u0105 granic\u0119 Turcji i \u017ce s\u0105 w pe\u0142ni gotowe do podj\u0119cia ka\u017cdej akcji przeciwko \u201eterrorystom z ISIS\u201d i przeciwko \u201eterrorystom z PYD, pr\u00f3buj\u0105cym dokona\u0107 zmiany demograficznej w regionie przez oczyszczenie go z mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w arabskich i turkme\u0144skich\u201d. Jest jasne, \u017ce rz\u0105d AKP ma nadziej\u0119, i\u017c przez myl\u0105ce przedstawienie swoich rzeczywistych cel\u00f3w przy pomocy takich sformu\u0142owa\u0144, kt\u00f3rych u\u017cywa w mi\u0119dzynarodowej kampanii dyplomatycznej, b\u0119dzie w stanie usprawiedliwi\u0107, legitymizowa\u0107 i zyska\u0107 mi\u0119dzynarodow\u0105 akceptacj\u0119 dla interwencji militarnej w Syrii, jak\u0105 planuje. Poni\u017cej podajemy (nieprzet\u0142umaczone na polski) artyku\u0142y z medi\u00f3w tureckich: Turkey’s Military: Wary And Reluctant<\/FONT><\/B> A June 27, 2015 report by the Turkish mainstream daily Hurriyet<\/I> broke the news that the military had received orders to prepare for war. It also noted that the military had refused to act on verbal orders from the outgoing AKP government which had lost its parliamentary majority in the June 7 general elections, but that Chief of Staff Gen. Ozel had insisted on written instructions, which were provided promptly by Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu. According to the report, the reluctant military officials were concerned about the risks involved, including situations in which Turkish forces could come under attack by ISIS, Syrian Kurds, and Syrian government forces, as well as possible civil unrest inside Turkey that massive protests by Turkey’s Kurds would create. Turkey’s top brass said that the country must have compelling reasons to justify any military action it took in Syrian territory, beyond its concerns that a Kurdish state would emerge in northern Syria. They warned that such military action could pit Turkey against the U.S., as well as against Russia and Iran, if undertaken without first consulting them. Military officials also said that the Syrian government should also be consulted, so that any Turkish military operation would not violate international law.[2]<\/A> Erdogan: West Is Plotting Against Turkey And The Region; AKP Islamist Media Pushes For War Against Syria <\/FONT><\/B> In the pro-AKP media in Turkey, anti-West sentiment is on the rise, as it stresses the necessity of military action to prevent a Kurdish entity from emerging along Turkey’s southern border, and the need to rescue Turkey from the grand designs of the Western powers. Front-page headlines declare the Kurdish PYD „more dangerous than ISIS”[3]<\/A> and promulgated the AKP’s claims that the Kurds in Syria are engaged in ethnic cleansing of Arabs and Turkmen in Tel Abyad. Turkey’s pro-AKP Islamist media is urging Turkish military intervention to seize a strip of land in Syria, between Jarablus and Marea, near the de-facto autonomous Kurdish canton of Afrin, to serve as a buffer zone, thus preventing a possible Kurdish takeover of Jarabulus and a subsequent unification of the three Kurdish regions along the border. They write that the U.S. and other Western powers, along with their Turkish media pawns and the Kurds, are conspiring against Turkey, and are preparing the ground for a Kurdish state along the southern border, that will stretch from northern Iraq to the Mediterranean. Some even claim that the Western powers that created ISIS, and that are acting together with the Assad regime and the PYD in Syria against Muslim countries in the Middle East, are drawing new Sykes-Picot lines to change the map of the region. On June 25, 2015, Erdogan also spoke about foreign designs on the region. Noting that an historic transformation was underway in Anatolia and the entire region, he added: „For the last 100 years, the history of our region has been determined by the Sykes-Picot setup. This order, that was built 100 years ago, is the main cause of all the wars and bloodshed between [Muslim] brothers. Today too we are witnessing a new Sykes-Picot being constructed in our south. The events taking place in Syria and Iraq cannot be assessed as [resulting] solely from those countries’ internal dynamics. „We are seeing engineered plans put into motion, that will shape the future of our country and of the entire region. Projects that are foreign to the history and nature of our region are being brought to life. It is as if they are showing us the option of death, so that we agree to accept the fever [i.e. the lesser of two evils].” He continued: „We cannot permit terrorist organizations to be used as a lever, and we cannot pretend not to see these plots and act as if they do not exist. Nobody can expect us to [merely] observe these events that impact us as a nation while sitting in the grandstand.” Attacking the pro-Kurdish Peoples’ Democratic Party (HDP) for daring to accuse Turkey of supporting terrorists, and for organizing global campaigns on Twitter to discredit the country, he called the party „the pawns of foreign lobbies hostile to Turkey.”[4]<\/A> Islamist columnist Ibrahim Karagul wrote that military intervention is „a must” to „save Turkey from the destruction planned for it by the West.” He wrote about the danger of foreign grand designs, and about the formation of a hostile front in the south to destroy Turkey, block its growth, limit its reach, and sever its ties with the Arab and Muslim world by „imprisoning Turkey within Anatolia.”[5]<\/A> Anti-AKP Turks Oppose War<\/FONT><\/B> Mainstream media, opposition parties, and legal authorities in Turkey strongly oppose any military intervention in Syria, arguing that a lame-duck interim government or president cannot authorize such an action without consulting the newly sworn-in parliament.[6]<\/A> They fear that Erdogan will lead the country into a quagmire in Syria that will cost the nation dearly, to serve both his personal ambitions and his hatred of the Alawite rule of Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad, whom he wants to see replaced by Sunni Islamists like himself. Turkish analysts, such as Kadri Gursel of the mainstream daily Milliyet<\/I>, think that Erdogan, following his upset in the June 7, 2015 elections, would undermine the process of coalition-building by pushing for his long-desired military intervention in Syria, knowing well that no opposition party would agree to join a coalition with AKP if it starts a war. He would create chaos, says Gursel, and declare early elections, hoping to ride the rising tide of nationalism and emerge a winner himself, and then have the AKP gain back its parliamentary majority.[7]<\/A> Most Turks believe that Erdogan has not abandoned his grand ambition to become the absolute ruler of an Islamist, expansionist, neo-Ottoman country of his dreams. The AKP’s Fabricated Excuses For War: Marketing It Domestically As Against Kurds, Internationally As Against ISIS <\/FONT><\/B> Fehmi Tastekin of the liberal Turkish daily Radikal<\/I> also wrote that Erdogan might try to start a war, with the aim of redirecting his failed attempt in the June 7 elections to become a super-president by trying to run as a super commander, and burning Turkey in the process. He added that the AKP would try to market a military intervention by presenting it to Turkey as a „precaution to prevent the formation of a Kurdish state” and internationally as „an operation against ISIS.” All the so-called justifications for a war, he said, are fabricated by the AKP government: „These false excuses include: ethnic cleansing of Turkmens and Arabs by Kurds; the formation of a Kurdish belt along the border that would threaten Turkey; the likelihood that ISIS, having lost Tel Abyad, would move westward with the help of Assad’s forces, and that ISIS would seize the border crossings of Bab Al-Hewa [Cilvegozu on the Turkish side] and Selame [Oncupinar on the Turkish side].” Tastekin believes that only the latter could be considered a realistic justification for war for the AKP, since losing these two border crossings would mean the severing of its ability to provide the logistical and material support that Turkey, in partnership with the Saudis, gives to the Al-Qaeda-affiliated Jabhat Al-Nusra and Ahrar Al-Sham and other jihadi organizations in Syria. Regarding the AKP’s false accusation that the Kurds are carrying out ethnic cleansing in Tel Abyad, Tastekin claims that the displacement of the majority of the Syrian population was a result of the proxy war, in which Turkey is the main actor. He points to the AKP’s hypocritical silence when Syrian opposition forces expelled the Shi’ites and Christians from Homs, and the Alawites from Latakia. Likewise, he says, Turkey did not object when ISIS expelled the Kurds from Raqqa, Menbic and Al-Bab in 2014. He says that the Kurds’ success in forming the 'social contract’ that made it possible for people of all colors to live and survive in Rojava (northern Syria\/western Kurdistan) should be seen as a model, not a threat. Tastekin then warns about the consequences of a Turkish military intervention in Syria, a sovereign state, and says that this would constitute an invasion: „The AKP may claim that no one is controlling these areas anyway. But if Turkey stops the flow of arms and fighters through its borders, and stops shooting at the Syrian government forces every time they come near the border, control would be established there. „Such an intervention would bring Turkish military face to face with Syrian government forces. If the 'buffer zone’ includes the ISIS-controlled Jarabulus, ISIS will target Turkey directly, and the fighting will not be conventional fighting limited to the borders. If the intervention targets Kurdish YPG areas, this would mean fighting the Kurds, who, God forbid, will burn our cities.” Tastekin claims that since there are no moderates left in Syria, the only beneficiaries of this military intervention would be the jihadi organizations: „Such an intervention would turn Turkey into another Syria.”[8]<\/A> Turkish columnist Nuray Mert of Cumhuriyet<\/I> wrote that there was nothing more comical than the excuse for war given by the Islamists who were pushing for it, and added that those in the pro-AKP Islamist media who claim „that fighting ISIS would demonstrate that Turkey is not related to terrorists” would make a cat laugh. She asked: „Did [the idea of] fighting ISIS occur to them only now?” The ones who are voicing war cries now, she wrote, are the same ones who called it a 'victory’ when Mosul was occupied by ISIS, and who had said that what was important was the Sunni resistance and the Sunni State. One of the war-promoting daily newspapers, she wrote, referring to the pro-AKP Sabah, <\/I>had published the headline, „The PYD is more dangerous than ISIS” – thus openly acknowledging that a military operation was planned by the government against the Kurds, and not against ISIS.[9]<\/A> ISIS Infiltrates Kobane Again, Massacres Civilians; Kurds Claim They Came Through Turkey<\/FONT><\/B> Having left the Kurdish town of Kobane on Syria-Turkey border on January 26, 2015, ISIS militants returned to attack the town in pre-dawn hours of June 25, entering from the north and the south. They detonated simultaneous car bombs, one near the Turkish border crossing of Mursitpinar just north of Kobane. The fighting continued at locations outside Kobane for the rest of the day, until Kurdish forces cleaned the town of ISIS terrorists. In what is considered to be the second-largest massacre that ISIS has ever carried out, over 200 people, mostly children, were killed, and about 150 were wounded. In Berxbotan village, 28 women and children were decapitated by ISIS. Nearly 100 of the wounded were carried over the border fence into Turkey, where they were taken to hospitals in nearby Suruc. There was widespread belief among Kurds that ISIS fighters had infiltrated into Kobane from Turkey, through Mursitpinar crossing – a claim strongly denied by Turkish government officials.[10]<\/A> Twitter Campaign Condemns Turkey For Helping Jihadi Organizations In Syria <\/FONT><\/B> On June 25, 2015, a Twitter campaign with the hashtag #terroristturkey condemning Turkey’s involvement with and its aid to jihadis trended to the No. 1 spot globally. PYD leader Salih Muslim told reporters that there were signs that some of the terrorists had infiltrated into Kobane through Turkey. He said, when told that Turkey vehemently rejects these allegations, „Turkey always denies everything, but it is mendacity itself.”[11]<\/A> Osman Baydemir, former mayor of the Kurdish-majority southeastern province of Diyarbakir, and newly elected HDP MP, exhibited on television a Turkish government-issue identity card found on one of the ISIS fighters killed in Kobane. Baydemir said: „This ID card that I hold in my hand belongs to one of the monsters that participated in the massacre in Kobane. It is proof that this murderer was sheltered in one of the camps in Akcakale” in Turkey – that is, he reached Kobane via Turkey.[12]<\/A> The anti-AKP Turkish daily Yurt <\/I>also accused the AKP government of supporting, aiding, and arming the jihadi organizations in Syria, and claimed that some of the ISIS fighters who had carried out the massacres in Kobane had come through Turkey, as had the car bomb that was detonated near the border crossing. As evidence, Yurt<\/I> provided photos of a Turkish government-issue ID found on Syrian ISIS fighter Ahmet Shikh, captured in Kobane by Kurdish forces. HDP Co-Chair: „The AKP Government Is Trying To Create An Excuse To Invade Syria” Because Of Its Animosity Towards The Kurds<\/FONT><\/B> Figen Yuksekdag, co-chair of the pro-Kurdish Peoples’ Democratic Party of Turkey (HDP) headed a delegation of HDP parliamentarians on a visit to the Turkish border at Kobane, where she lashed out at the AKP government for its complicity in the massacre of the 146 civilians in Kobane. The ISIS attack, she stated, had been well planned, well-prepared, and well-coordinated to be conducted on multiple fronts, one of which was at the Mursitpinar crossing on the Turkish border. She said that this was no infiltration but free passage given to the ISIS murderers and their car bombs by the Turkish government, that facilitated the slaughter. There are ISIS camps and centers inside Turkey, she said, and the evidence of this is clear, but the government denies this. Because the judiciary and law enforcement serve the AKP, not a single investigation is being conducted, she said. Yuksekdag further stated that the AKP government was trying to build a case to justify military intervention in Syria, through lies and false accusations against the Kurds, on the pretext of protecting the Turkmen. She demanded: „Mr. Prime Minister, where were you when thousands of Turkmen women were kidnapped, raped, sold into slavery, or killed by these murderous, subhuman ISIS gangs? Why do you never tell this to our people? There are over 200 Turkmen women in the hands of ISIS right now! Aren’t they the Turkmen that you supposedly defend? „It is not you but others who are defending them! It is the Kurdish forces of the YPG and YPJ that are defending the Turkmen. It is the PYD that has taken upon itself the responsibility to defend, protect, and provide security to all those targeted by ISIS, without discriminating on the basis of their nationality, ethnicity or religion.” Calling on the AKP government to stop its support for and cut its ties with the terrorist gangs, and just for once to launch an operation against ISIS to prove that it is not with them, she added: „If you do not support and stand behind these terrorist gangs, then for God’s sake round up some of them – just like you arrest and imprison scores of children and women, young and old, every day in this country.”[13]<\/A> Turkey Is Now „The Jihadi Highway” – Because Of AKP’s Pan-Islamist, Ottomanist Foreign Policy<\/FONT><\/B> In his February 26, 2015 column in the mainstream Turkish daily Milliyet<\/I>, Kadri Gursel, who has written frequently in the past three years in opposition to the AKP’s foreign policy, particularly its Syria policy, accused the AKP of blurring the lines between Turkey’s domestic and foreign policies, in line with its Islamist ideology, with disastrous results: „The AKP’s policy is 'Islamism at home, Islamism in the world.’ Its social engineering project to create a devout society at home through its authoritarian Islamist rule spilled over into Syria, with the aim of ousting [the Alawite] Assad by inciting civil war and to install there a Muslim Brotherhood government. This pro-Sunni, neo-Ottomanist and Islamist foreign policy has further exacerbated the polarization in Turkey. „Turkey has become a country in which any opponent of this disastrous Syria policy is called 'Assadist,’ any citizen who does not give the four-finger [Rabi’a] Muslim Brotherhood hand sign is called a 'coup-planner,’ and anyone who criticizes AKP’s Middle East policy is accused of being 'an agent for Israel.'” Previously, on January 12, 2015, Gursel wrote that the AKP government had created an emotional climate in Turkey in which some (i.e.pro-AKP) sectors of the population assumed that the civil war in Syria was actually taking place in Turkey. The AKP, he said, wanted its electorate not only to show humane solidarity with the people of Gaza, but to identify with Gaza by making it the main focus of its policy. „Likewise,” he added, the AKP „engineered a fictitious perception to elicit from the public the same reaction to the coup in Egypt that it would have had if Erdogan himself were ousted.” He added that AKP government officials had until recently refused to call ISIS a terrorist organization, and had downplayed the threat it poses, in excusing its actions. Accusing the AKP of spreading its pan-Islamist ideology and causing thousands of young Turks to join the jihad in Syria and elsewhere, he warned that if they do not die there, they will come back to Turkey as fanatics who know very well how to kill. * R. Krespin is Director of MEMRI’s Turkish Media Project.<\/I> [1]<\/A> Yeni Safak<\/I>, Turkey, June 27, 2015.<\/DIV> [2]<\/A> Hurriyet<\/I>, June 27, 2015.<\/DIV> [3]<\/A> Sabah<\/I>, Turkey, June 19, 2015.<\/DIV> [4]<\/A> Hurriyet<\/I>, June 26, 2015.<\/DIV>
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\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24105.jpg\")
\nThe Turkish military moving tanks, missile launchers, artillery, and other heavy equipment to the Turkish southern border town of Kilis. (Photo: Hurriyet, July 2, 2015)<\/I>
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\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24106.jpg\")
\nMedia depiction of Turkish military plan of operation against Syria (Photo: Cumhuriyet, June 29, 2015) <\/FONT><\/I>
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\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24107.jpg\")
\nChart showing estimated tweets per hour for #terroristturkey. Source: #terroristturkey, Twitter, June 25, 2015.<\/FONT><\/I>
\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24108.jpg\")
\n<\/I>President Erdogan allows jihadis in through the border but keeps refugees out. Source: #terroristturkey, Twitter, June 25, 2015.<\/FONT><\/I>
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\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24109.jpg\")
\nHDP MP Osman Baydemir shows Turkish government ID found on an ISIS fighter killed in Kobane. <\/I>Cumhuriyet, June 25, 2015.<\/I><\/FONT>
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\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24110.jpg\")
\nTurkish government-issue ID found on Syrian ISIS fighter Ahmet Shikh, captured in Kobane by Kurdish forces. Source: Yurt Gazetesi, June 27, 2015. <\/FONT><\/I>
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\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24111.jpg\")
\n<\/B>Still from video showing two ISIS militants at the Turkish border in apparently friendly conversation with Turkish soldiers, after stealing or setting fire to cars and trucks abandoned by refugees escaping Kobane. <\/I>Youtube.com\/watch?v=xz_Sd-6uAhs. September\/October 2014, accessed July 8, 2015.<\/I><\/FONT>
\n![](\"http:\/\/www2.memri.org\/polaco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/24112.jpg\")
\nJihadis on Turkish side of border chatting with Turkish soldier. Source: #terroristturkey, Twitter, June 25, 2015.<\/FONT><\/I>
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